Tuesday, May 1, 2012

VOA News: Americas: Bolivia Government Seizes Spanish-Owned Power Company

VOA News: Americas
Americas Voice of America
Bolivia Government Seizes Spanish-Owned Power Company
May 1st 2012, 22:18

Bolivian President Evo Morales says the government is taking over the Spanish-owned power company and he ordered the army to seize control of the electricity grid.

Mr. Morales said Tuesday Spain's Red Electrica company's investment in Bolivia was inadequate. He also said the government should be responsible for generating electricity.

Mr. Morales did not say how the Bolivian government would compensate the Spanish company. Its Bolivian assets were responsible for less than 3 percent of its 2011 revenue.

Bolivia's move comes just weeks after Argentina said it would nationalize the local branch of Spain's Repsol's oil company. Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner also accused that Spanish-owned company of a lack of investment in the local economy.

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VOA News: Asia: In Hong Kong, Maritime Militarization on Display

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
In Hong Kong, Maritime Militarization on Display
May 1st 2012, 21:52

The Yuncheng 571 frigate docks at Hong Kong's Victoria harbor for a five-day visit, and following just behind is the Haikou 171 destroyer.

The vessels, two of the Chinese Navy's most advanced warships and part of the 10th Chinese Naval Escort Task Force, are making a port call to celebrate the15th anniversary of the handover of Hong Kong from Britain to China.

Their arrival at Ngong Shuen Chau, the Naval Base also known as the Stonecutters Island, which sits just off the harbor's western entrance, comes at a time of rising tension in the South China Sea.

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The current standoff between China and the Philippines is but the latest in a series of maritime incidents between Beijing and its Southeast Asian neighbors, and a new report from security analysts at the International Crisis Group (ICG) confirms the trend of increasing militarization.

"In China, the South Sea Fleet, which is the one responsible for the South China Sea, has traditionally been the least well-endowed of all the three fleets," says Stephanie Kleine-Ahlbrandt, ICG's project director for Northeast Asia. "And so these tensions in the South China Sea are the perfect justification for their modernization."

The 3.5-million square kilometers of the South China Sea are variously contested by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei and Vietnam.

Last year Vietnam accused Chinese patrol boats of interfering with one of its oil and gas survey ships. Tensions between China and the Philippines, however, have soared because of a set of disputed islands known in English as the Scarborough shoal.

Last week, the United States and the Philippines held joint live-fire naval drills, prompting China to warn Washington against getting involved in the region. But on the eve of a visit to Beijing, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton insisted Washington is not taking sides.

"As a Pacific power we have a national interest in freedom of navigation, the maintenance of peace and stability, respect for international law," she said.

But ICG analysts say the lack of legal clarity about competing territorial claims is central to the rising tensions.

Steven Tsang, director of the China Policy Institute at the University of Nottingham, suggests China may have wider strategic aims.

"What [officials in Beijing] really are after is not so much the territorial bit, but to be able to basically get the region to accept that it is the Chinese sphere of influence, that they will all accept Chinese leadership or pre-eminence in that part," says professor Tsang. "They would then wish the Americans not to be so deeply involved, [such] that [the South China Sea] would become almost a Chinese lake."

Chinese officials say they plan to present a maritime border claim based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. But with such strategically important and resource-rich waters, analysts say finding agreement between so many competing nations will be difficult.

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VOA News: Economy: Chinese Company Bets Big on Laos Casino Project

VOA News: Economy
Economy Voice of America
Chinese Company Bets Big on Laos Casino Project
May 1st 2012, 21:25

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Near the famed golden triangle where Laos, Thailand and Burma meet, a Chinese company plans to turn huge tracts of jungle and farmland once associated with the opium trade into a tourism magnet.  The company, Kings Romans, says it is building a new economy, anchored in part by a glittering new casino.

The Chinese-run Kings Romans' casino is one of the most noticeable and flashy features on the Lao side of the Mekong River's Golden Triangle.

Kings Romans signed a 99-year lease with the Lao government to develop and run a special economic zone in a stretch of rural land spanning more than 100 square kilometers.

The plans are ambitious. "Here will be the airport. Here will be the industrial zone. Here will be a bridge to connect with Thailand and Burma. The whole project will be finished within the next 20 years," explains a staff member while pointing at a map.

For now, the future airport runway is still just a road.

But construction is brisk and workers are chopping down forests and flattening hills.

Hundreds of people displaced by the building have already been relocated, and given new houses in the recently opened Golden Triangle Village.

During a recent gathering for a funeral, new residents played cards, gambled and talked about life in the company-built village.

Ouy Kham says there are not enough trees, making it too hot to grow food. Her children now farm in Thailand to make money. "In the old village we had income but coming to this village we only spend money.  We don't know what to sell to earn a living.  Living here we cannot grow anything.  We try to grow vegetables but they are not healthy," she said.

As Kings Romans' remakes the Golden Triangle's skyline, there are new jobs for workers with the right skills.  

Burmese laborer Khun Kyar Kan has been working in the special economic zone for three years.  Even though the pay is better than back home, he says there are drawbacks. "In Burma I worked in farming. It was my own job and I could set my own working schedule… Here I am always worried about losing my job because I cannot find another job. There is only one company here," he said.

For now, trade ships and fishermen are the picture of life here on the Mekong River.

But Kings Romans is betting hundreds of millions of dollars that Asia's growing wealthy will soon join them as a fixture of the scenic and notorious Golden Triangle.

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VOA News: USA: Obama Arrives in Afghanistan on bin Laden Death Anniversary

VOA News: USA
USA Voice of America
Obama Arrives in Afghanistan on bin Laden Death Anniversary
May 1st 2012, 21:21

U.S. President Barack Obama has arrived in Afghanistan on a secret trip to mark the first anniversary of the killing of al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden.

Mr. Obama is expected to sign a strategic partnership agreement setting conditions for a U.S. presence there after a 2014 deadline for the withdrawal of most NATO combat forces.

The president arrived at Bagram Air Base late Tuesday and immediately flew by helicopter to the Afghan capital, Kabul. He is meeting with Afghan President Hamid Karzai at his palace and will later give remarks to U.S. troops at Bagram.

From Bagram, he also plans to deliver a live, televised address to the American people about the Afghanistan war at 7:30 p.m. EDT (2330 GMT).

The president's speech will focus on the strategic partnership agreement and is likely to emphasize his plans to wind down the costly and unpopular Afghanistan war where nearly 3,000 U.S. and NATO soldiers have died since the country was invaded in 2001.

The address will come exactly one year after U.S. special forces, on his order, began the raid that led to the killing of bin Laden at his Pakistani safehouse.

Since then, ties between the United States and Afghanistan have frayed due to the burning of Muslim holy books at a U.S. base and the massacre of 17 civilians, including children, allegedly by an American soldier.

Mr. Obama is scheduled to be on the ground in Afghanistan for about seven hours.

Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.

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VOA News: Arts and Entertainment: Lionel Richie Takes a New Musical Direction With 'Tuskegee'

VOA News: Arts and Entertainment
Arts and Entertainment Voice of America
Lionel Richie Takes a New Musical Direction With 'Tuskegee'
May 1st 2012, 21:27

Legendary singer Lionel Richie has spent the past five decades making timeless pop songs.  He takes a new musical direction with his latest album, "Tuskegee."

Richie pays tribute to his Southern roots on his new duets album.  The album features 13 of his famous pop hits, this time performed with some of today's biggest Country stars.  They include Little Big Town, Rascal Flatts, Tim McGraw, Kenny Chesney and Sugarland's Jennifer Nettles, as well as Country legends Kenny Rogers and Willie Nelson.  Each was given the choice of what song they would cover and Lionel encouraged them to sing them as if they were their own.

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The album is named after Richie's hometown.  He describes what it was like growing up in Tuskegee, Alabama.

"It was probably just about as normal as life could be, except I was born and raised on a university campus," he said.  "More academics than there was hunting and fishing, but the good news was that it was 15 seconds from Country.  And when I say that, in that community, Country music was pop music on the radio and R&B music was just the standard form.  That music kept squeaking in the side door.  Between gospel music, Country music and R&B music, I was deeply influenced right there on that wonderful campus of Tuskegee."

"Tuskegee" debuted at Number One on the Country Albums chart and at Number 2 on the Billboard 200.  First-week sales reached nearly 199,000 copies, making it Richie's highest-charting album since 1986.

Promotion for "Tuskegee" included a stop at this year's South By Southwest festival in Austin, Texas.  Several thousand people attended the show, and to Richie's surprise, the new younger generation of music fans knew all the words to his songs.  That might not have been the case, had Richie listened to some of the ideas he was given for his latest project.

"I had lots of suggestions from people in the record business, my friends, 'Lionel you should do a Gershwin album, a tribute to Gershwin.' 'Lionel, you should do a tribute to Cole Porter.' 'Lionel, you should do Nat King Cole's catalog,'" he said.  "And, I kept thinking, 'Why don't I do Lionel Richie's catalog?'  I only know how to be me.  Do I rap?  No, terrible.  Am I a Gospel singer?  Terrible.  I'm a Southern boy.  And, I went back and thought about it and I said, 'What's the place I haven't been?  Country.  Where have all the songs gone?  Country.'  So, I'll put it out there to see if I get any response.  The answer was everybody called."

The first single from "Tuskegee" teams Richie with international superstar Shania Twain to sing a Country version of his 1981 Number One hit, "Endless Love."

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VOA News: Asia: Chinese Company Bets Big On Laos Casino Project

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
Chinese Company Bets Big On Laos Casino Project
May 1st 2012, 19:55

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Near the famed golden triangle where Laos, Thailand and Burma meet, a Chinese company plans to turn huge tracts of jungle and farmland once associated with the opium trade into a tourism magnet.  The company, Kings Romans, says it is building a new economy, anchored in part by a glittering new casino.

The Chinese-run Kings Romans' casino is one of the most noticeable and flashy features on the Lao side of the Mekong River's Golden Triangle.

Kings Romans signed a 99-year lease with the Lao government to develop and run a special economic zone in a stretch of rural land spanning more than 100 square kilometers.

The plans are ambitious. "Here will be the airport. Here will be the industrial zone. Here will be a bridge to connect with Thailand and Burma. The whole project will be finished within the next 20 years," explains a staff member while pointing at a map.

For now, the future airport runway is still just a road.

But construction is brisk and workers are chopping down forests and flattening hills.

Hundreds of people displaced by the building have already been relocated, and given new houses in the recently opened Golden Triangle Village.

During a recent gathering for a funeral, new residents played cards, gambled and talked about life in the company-built village.

Ouy Kham says there are not enough trees, making it too hot to grow food. Her children now farm in Thailand to make money. "In the old village we had income but coming to this village we only spend money.  We don't know what to sell to earn a living.  Living here we cannot grow anything.  We try to grow vegetables but they are not healthy," she said.

As Kings Romans' remakes the Golden Triangle's skyline, there are new jobs for workers with the right skills.  

Burmese laborer Khun Kyar Kan has been working in the special economic zone for three years.  Even though the pay is better than back home, he says there are drawbacks. "In Burma I worked in farming. It was my own job and I could set my own working schedule… Here I am always worried about losing my job because I cannot find another job. There is only one company here," he said.

For now, trade ships and fishermen are the picture of life here on the Mekong River.

But Kings Romans is betting hundreds of millions of dollars that Asia's growing wealthy will soon join them as a fixture of the scenic and notorious Golden Triangle.

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VOA News: Africa: UNICEF: Thousands of Somali Children at Risk

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
UNICEF: Thousands of Somali Children at Risk
May 1st 2012, 19:56

The United Nations Children's Fund warned that thousands of acutely malnourished children in Somalia are at risk of death because little money is available to help them. UNICEF said it has received only 12 percent of its $289 million emergency appeal for humanitarian operations this year.

The famine declared in southern Somalia last year is over. But, that does not mean that the crisis is finished. Somalia remains the world's most complex humanitarian situation.  

The U.N. Children's Fund reported that almost one-third of Somalis are unable to meet their essential food and non-food needs. About 70 percent of these people live in south and central Somalia, areas that have been wracked by conflict for years and recurrent drought.

UNICEF spokeswoman Marixie Mercado said some 325,000 acutely malnourished children are in great need of assistance. She said her agency scaled up nutrition programs significantly between July and December at the peak of last year's crisis. But, those programs now are at risk.

"This work continues and it is a huge operation that is saving children's lives every day… Those who are most severely acutely malnourished are at imminent risk of death.This is a fact," said Mercado.

"And those even moderately malnourished are also at significantly at higher risk of death. If we do not get funding, all of our programs will have to get cut back. That is just a fact," Mercado said.  

The chronic state of war in Somalia intensified late last year, when Ethiopia and Kenya sent in troops to fight militant group al-Shabab. The Islamist group has banned most foreign aid organizations from operating in the territory it controls, hampering efforts to assist many Somalis in need of food.

Mercado said insecurity and lack of access to affected areas remains a huge problem for aid agencies that are trying assist people in need.

"One big area where it has influenced our programs significantly is, for example, immunization where we have 1.9 million children who have not been reached by immunization in the south and central zones because of access restrictions." Mercado added.

"There are cases of measles now. The rains have just started and that generally brings with it a wave of disease," she added. "So, it is critical to reach those people in south-central Somalia with immunizations. 

UNICEF noted Somalia's famine in 2011 was not a one-season crisis. It said the recovery from last year's drought and famine remains extremely fragile. It warned additional shocks, such as poor rains, less access, more displacement and disease outbreaks could easily tip communities back into disaster.

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VOA News: Africa: UN, AU, IGAD Warn Against Spoiling Somali Transition

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
UN, AU, IGAD Warn Against Spoiling Somali Transition
May 1st 2012, 19:46

The United Nations and two African bodies are warning they will impose sanctions on anyone who tries to disrupt Somalia's move toward a new constitution.

In a joint statement, the U.N., African Union, and the East African Intergovernmental Agency on Development said too much is at stake to allow Somalia's peace process to backslide.

The bodies said Tuesday that people who try to block the process will be referred to IGAD for possible travel and financial restrictions, and may also be referred to regional U.N. monitors for investigation.

In an interview with VOA's Somali Service, U.N. special envoy to Somalia Augustine Mahiga said the warning is aimed, in part, at some Somali lawmakers. "We still have elements in the parliament who are threatening to form their own government outside the roadmap and extend themselves," he said.

"There are former warlords, who may be in parliament or outside of parliament, who are essentially in alliance with some members of parliament. But there are also groups that are bent on sabotaging the whole exercise around the constitutional process," Mehiga said. "And we want to engage them in constructive dialogue instead of just obstructing and being diversionary."

The U.N.-backed "roadmap" for Somalia calls for Somali clan and political leaders to approve a new constitution, to be followed by the selection of a new parliament.

At least five people, including two members of parliament, were killed in a suicide attack Tuesday in the central Somali town of Dhusamareb. A man detonated an explosive belt he was wearing inside a restaurant where a group of politicians had gathered.

Observers hope a new constitution and parliament will help bring peace to Somalia, which has experienced more than 20 years of conflict and chaos since the last stable government fell in 1991.

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VOA News: Africa: Zimbabwe’s Draft Constitution Delivered to Government

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Zimbabwe's Draft Constitution Delivered to Government
May 1st 2012, 19:42

<!--IMAGE-RIGHT-->In Zimbabwe, a parliament committee drafting a new constitution has finally submitted it to the government, almost two years behind schedule. It is not yet clear when a referendum on the draft constitution would be held to pave the way for polls to end Zimbabwe's fragile, three-year-old coalition government.

In an interview, Douglas Mwonzora, the co-leader of COPAC - the committee which has been drafting Zimbabwe's new constitution - says the government received the draft constitution this week.

"COPAC handed over the draft constitution to the management committee," he said. "The management committee accepted that document. We can say that we are very, very much close[r] to a new constitution in Zimbabwe."

The management committee Douglas Mwonzora is referring to is comprised of ministers who are overseeing the work of the drafting committee.

Zimbabwe's draft constitution was originally scheduled to go before voters in a referendum last July. The constitution is to replace the one which the country has been using since 1980 when Zimbabwe won independence from Britain.

When President Robert Mugabe and Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai formed a very uneasy power-sharing government in 2009, regional leaders said there must be a new constitution before new polls are held.

Mwonzora says he has no idea of when the document will go before the voters.

"Unfortunately we could not decide the date the for the second stakeholder meeting and the referendum until we have factored in the issues that were outstanding," he said.

The matters Mwonzora was referring to include issues of dual citizenship and the death penalty, which the committee has left to Mugabe and Tsvangirai's representatives for a final decision.



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VOA News: Africa: Mogadishu's Former Splendor Becames a Military Facility

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Mogadishu's Former Splendor Becames a Military Facility
May 1st 2012, 19:49

For decades, Somalia's capital Mogadishu has been synonymous with war, a failed state.  But the ruins of the city's spectacular waterfront district are mute testimony to its rich colonial heritage.

The recent expulsion of al-Qaida linked extremists from the city has allowed a rare glimpse of Mogadishu's former splendor. VOA's Peter Heinlein walked through the wreckage of the al-Uruba Hotel, which has recently been turned from a rebel headquarters to a base for pro-government troops.

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