Tuesday, March 27, 2012

VOA News: Africa: Rwandan Police Force Sees Influx of Female Officers

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Rwandan Police Force Sees Influx of Female Officers
Mar 28th 2012, 00:30

Rwanda's National Police force this week swore in a new group of recruits, with females making up 70 of the 77 new recruits.

Police spokesman Theo Dadege said the force is seeing a steady increase in female officers, but the numbers are still too low.

"Because of our constitutional obligation to have at least thirty percent women, and, of course, because our government promotes women empowerment and gender equality, this is why we're trying to increase the number of females in the police force," said Dadege.

There are advantages to having more women in the ranks, said Dadege, including their ability to address gender-based violence and child protection issues.

Dadege added one reason the force needs more females is that the Rwandan National Police contributes troops to international forces as well.

"We have an increased demand in UN peace support operations for sending female police officers to UN missions like Darfur, Haiti and South Sudan," he said.

Last year, Rwanda sent more female officers to UN peacekeeping operations than any other country.

He added that male officers have not resisted the influx of females, although they still come up against some public opposition to women in uniform.

"But, we are now ending these culture barriers," he said.  "Now women know very well they also have the opportunity to serve their country in security matters."

Even though their numbers are up and twenty percent of the 10,000 officers in Rwanda's National Police force are women, that still falls short of the constitutional requirement of 30%.

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VOA News: Africa: Spokesman Denies Malawi President a Dictator

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Spokesman Denies Malawi President a Dictator
Mar 27th 2012, 23:57

The spokesman for Malawi's President, Bingu Wa Mutharika, has dismissed as without merit accusations that the leader is becoming autocratic and intolerant of dissent.

Mutharika has come under increasing pressure to resolve what his opponents call the country's economic crisis.  Critics blame him for failing to resolve disputes with international donors, who are withholding funds to the southern African nation.

But, Dr. Heatherwick Ntaba said Mutharika is not to blame for the country's current fiscal and economic challenges.  His comments came after former President Bakili Muluzi said he will not be intimidated by the government's tactics following the arrest and subsequent release of his son, Atupele Muluzi, who attended a recent anti-government rally.

"Perhaps he is not too happy that his son had been arrested for disobeying the law.  Perhaps he did not advise his son quite clearly," said Ntaba.  "We are not surprised that he is blaming the government and the dictatorial tendencies he is talking about…the country's successes and achievements cannot be achieved in a dictatorial setting.  So, what he is saying does not hold water on the ground."

Ntaba said Vice President Joyce Banda postponed a scheduled rally near the capital, Lilongwe, following a police directive.  He maintains that the young Muluzi should have obeyed the police directive.

"She did postpone that meeting because it was the police asking her to do that and no problems occurred there.  It is the norm and she obeyed the law," said Ntaba.  "If [Muluzi] had done the same thing, no problems would have arisen.  So, perhaps, the former president should look at what he advised his son to do.  We are told that it was the father who told him to go on with the meeting, despite police advice."

The younger Muluzi, who is a lawmaker and aspiring presidential candidate for the 2014 election, was charged with inciting violence.  His supporters burned down a Lilongwe police unit and destroyed cars parked near the station after they clashed with security officials at last week's anti-government rally.

Ntaba said fiscal and economic challenges the country faces have nothing to do with Mutharika's policies.

"There are years that countries do well economically, but there are the years when economic challenges become pronounced.  That is not to say their policies have failed and that is no reason to get rid of the government," said Ntaba.  "The important thing is to keep working hard, be committed to working for the government.  But, going around in foreign capitals telling lies are unpatriotic and something we should move away from."

Opposition groups and non-governmental organizations have often accused the government of silencing dissent by arresting opponents on trumped up charges.  But, Ntaba rejects the accusations saying "nobody is above the law in Malawi."

"Any law abiding [citizen], if police give you some advice on the security aspect of what you want to do, you listen, and you obey.  If you don't agree with what they are saying, then you go to court for the court to overrule what the police are telling you.  But, you just don't go ahead taking the law into your hands and do what you want," said Ntaba.

He also said recent demands that Mutharika step down following a two-day religious meeting "are all made up by the media."

"The board of the Public Affairs Committee [PAC] has not given any formal resolution to the president.  It's only the media writing what they think are the resolutions from PAC," said Ntaba.

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VOA News: Africa: Sudanese Ruling Party Official Rejects South Sudan Attack Claims

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Sudanese Ruling Party Official Rejects South Sudan Attack Claims
Mar 28th 2012, 00:14

The spokesman for Sudan's ruling National Congress Party (NCP) said the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) is to blame for attacks on South Sudan's oil fields.

Rabie Abdelati Obeid said South Sudan President Salva Kiir previously admitted the SPLA "invaded and attacked the oil areas," in that neighboring country.

"This is turned upside [down] because, yesterday [Monday], Salva Kiir, the president of South Sudan, declared that forces of SPLA invaded and attacked an area which is a part of Southern Sudan," said Obeid.  "This accusation is actually against what has been declared and what was acknowledged by the president of Southern Sudan."

Obeid's comments came after Kiir said Sudan's air force bombed two areas in the South Sudan's Unity state.

Kiir said, after the bombing, the Sudanese army also attacked South Sudanese forces and the militia, but were able to repel them.  South Sudan insisted it will not be dragged into a senseless war with its northern neighbor.

Obeid said the allegations against Sudan sharply contradict Kiir's admission.

"The armed forces of the South Sudan government came close to the petroleum area, about four kilometers inside the region, which belongs to the north," said Obeid.  "That is why our government chased them far away from the area.  Our forces tried to negotiate with them and would not allow them to lift the flag of South Sudan government in that area.  They refused to do so, and then our government tried to drive them away."

Obeid insists the army was protecting the country's sovereignty, as well as maintain stability and peace within Sudan's border.

The violence comes a day after both sides accused the other of crossing the tense, poorly marked border separating the two countries.  Both sides claimed they were acting in self-defense and declared victory following the fighting.

After Monday's clashes, Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir suspended a scheduled April 3rd summit with Kiir that were to be aimed at discussing disputes over the border and oil revenues.

Obeid said the SPLA attacks undermine the scheduled talks between leaders.

"They attacked our area and it is not going to be accepted.  This caused the suspension the summit between the two presidents expected to be held to resolve all the outstanding points," said Obeid.  "[The attack] undermines all the procedures of achieving the resolution of the different points that are still being built between the two parties, which are the outstanding points of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement [CPA]."

Obeid said tensions between the two neighboring countries do not create a positive atmosphere for scheduled negotiations between the leaders.  And, he warned South Sudan to stop attacking Sudanese territory.

"They will lose by war what they have gained by peace."

The United States has strongly condemned renewed military violence between Sudan and South Sudan and called on both sides to end the air strikes and attacks on the ground.

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VOA News: Middle East: Clinton: Syria Should Pull Back Troops

VOA News: Middle East
Middle East Voice of America
Clinton: Syria Should Pull Back Troops
Mar 27th 2012, 23:28

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says Syrian President Bashar al-Assad can demonstrate the seriousness with which he has accepted a U.N. peace plan by withdrawing troops from civilian areas of Syria.  President Assad on Tuesday agreed to the plan brokered by former U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan.

Secretary Clinton says President Assad's acceptance of the plan is an important first step toward ending Syria's year-long uprising.  But Clinton says she wants more than promises."Given Assad's history of over-promising and under-delivering, that commitment must now be matched by immediate actions," she said.

Clinton says the international community will judge President Assad's sincerity and seriousness by what he does, not by what he says. "If he is ready to bring this dark chapter in Syria's history to a close, he can prove it by immediately ordering regime forces to stop firing and begin withdrawing from populated areas.  He can also allow international aid workers unfettered access to those in need," she said.

Clinton says Damascus should also free political prisoners, permit peaceful political activity, allow unobstructed access for news media and begin a political process that leads to a democratic transition.  If President Assad takes these steps, she says U.N. and Arab League envoy Kofi Annan will work with the opposition to take steps of their own.

"So that the bloodshed ends, that there won't be violence coming from opposition forces, that humanitarian aid will be permitted to come into areas that the opposition has been holding," she said.

The six-point Annan plan calls for a U.N.-monitored ceasefire, access for humanitarian aid workers and an inclusive, Syrian-led political transition to a democratic, multi-party political system.

Middle East analyst Steve Heydemann with the United States Institute of Peace says the plan is constrained by its foundation on a U.N. resolution that was stripped of demands for President Assad to step down so as to avoid a Russian and Chinese veto. "They really don't go very far.  They talk about very general kinds of commitments to dialogue.  They talk about very general commitments to things like pulling forces out of urban areas.  But we've seen the Assad regime agree to these sorts of things in the past and fail to implement them," he said.

Heydemann says he has modest expectations about what Mr. Annan can do. "What we are seeing is a consistent pattern on the part of the Assad regime of agreeing to these international frameworks, in particular because I think they do support the efforts of their protectors, the Russians and the Chinese, but very little changes as a result.  And my sense is that we are likely to see a repeat of that in this case," he said.

Recognizing the challenges, Mr. Annan says the plan's implementation will be key to ending the fighting and moving toward democratic governance in Syria.

The British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights says at least 10 people were killed Tuesday as government forces fired at civilians and battled rebels in several parts of the country, including the northwestern province of Idlib, the Damascus suburbs and the central city of Homs.

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VOA News: Arts and Entertainment: Israeli Movie Features Father-Son Rivalry

VOA News: Arts and Entertainment
Arts and Entertainment Voice of America
Israeli Movie Features Father-Son Rivalry
Mar 27th 2012, 23:15

Footnote, a film by Israeli director Joseph Cedar, deals with the rivalry between two Talmudic scholars. One is withdrawn and has spent his whole life analyzing obscure details in the ancient texts. The other is an extrovert. He sees the texts as windows into the periods when they were written. They are father and son and their tenuous relationship threatens to derail when one is awarded the most prestigious national prize.

Minister of Education: "Professor Shkolnik? Congratulations."
Uriel Shkolnik: "Let me get this straight. You called my father by mistake?"
Academician: "And the minister congratulated him thinking she was talking to you."

The members of the Academy ask Uriel to tell his father about the misunderstanding.

Chairman of the Academy: "You have no right to pass this honor onto your father."
Uriel: "But he'll hate me."  

Uriel Shkolnik's father Eliezer Shkolnik is an uncompromising and awkward scholar long dismissed by his peers. His greatest recognition has been a footnote a famous expert devoted to his work.

Eliezer cannot swallow that his son has achieved the fame he himself sought. So, the father tells himself - and others - that he is the true scholar while his son is a fraud.

Filmmaker Joseph Cedar says Uriel feels he has no choice but to tolerate his father's rancor. He believes in compromise. At times, the director seems to be addressing a greater Israeli concern.  

"Compromise and Peace go hand in hand. Peace in this world is the result of compromise. Eliezer on the other hand doesn't want harmony. He wants truth. When your father is all about truth, then your rebellion is to aspire towards peace. I'll compromise about this, you compromise about that, and we'll live in harmony. You give up some principles for the sake of harmony," Cedar said.

Uriel Shkolnik: "I have no idea who this man is and he is my father."

Footnote deals, most of all, with father-son relationships and the human need for recognition. It also pokes fun at how scholastic debates over minutiae ignite bitter academic wars.

Ultimately Uriel, who always sought the limelight, gives up the Prize for his father. Eliezer, on the other hand, chooses to bend the truth to win recognition.

Cedar trains his lens on the actors' body language to enhance the unspoken tensions. The film editing is superb and so is the music.

The film received an Oscar nomination in the foreign language category and has finally arrived in American theaters.

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VOA News: Economy: Dispute Over Supplies Leaves Gaza Short on Electricity

VOA News: Economy
Economy Voice of America
Dispute Over Supplies Leaves Gaza Short on Electricity
Mar 27th 2012, 22:25

A dispute over fuel supplies between Egypt and Hamas has triggered shortages of fuel and electricity in the Gaza Strip that are causing massive power outages. Life is increasingly difficult for the 1.7 million people who must contend with crippled water, sanitation and health care services.

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Evening in Gaza. Because of a shortage of fuel, many neighborhoods get only six hours of electricity per day. Few cars pass along usually congested streets. Long lines form when a station has fuel. And the price for fuel and cooking gas has tripled, when they can be found at all.

Ayman Ghabain is a tailor. He says he, like most businessmen, hardly works because there is no electricity and no fuel for generators. "Today the only thing working is construction. This is where most of the people are working in Gaza. The rest of the industrial sectors, you could say 90 percent, maybe more, are totally stopped," he said.

Abu Mohammed repairs and sells used generators. He says any other business is impossible. "We cannot sell chicken. We cannot open a garage because there's no electricity. We cannot buy hay for the animals because there is no water. One day they cut the water. [The next day] they cut the electricity," he said.

Analysts say the crisis is due in part to a political standoff with Egypt, which supplies Gaza's fuel. Hamas controls Gaza and wants the fuel to come directly from Egypt instead of through a cargo crossing with Israel.

Egypt reportedly refuses to allow the fuel to pass because it wants Israel, which has an economic blockade on Hamas, to continue to be seen as responsible for Gaza's problems. Israel views Hamas as a terrorist group.

Hamas spokesman Ismail Radwan blames the crisis on the Israeli government. "The problem is not us. We are trying our best to ease the pressure on the Palestinian people. The problem is because of the siege, the oppressive, immoral and inhuman siege," he said.

Regardless of who is to blame, Gazans are growing increasingly angry over the crisis and are demanding a solution be found. On Friday, March 23, Israel and Hamas allowed nine fuel tankers to cross from the Jewish state. But the delivery of around 450,000 liters of industrial diesel will only power a plant for one day. More deliveries are being negotiated.

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VOA News: USA: Shooting of Unarmed Black Teenager Ignites Protests in Several US Communities

VOA News: USA
USA Voice of America
Shooting of Unarmed Black Teenager Ignites Protests in Several US Communities
Mar 27th 2012, 22:35

Protest rallies and marches continue across the United States with calls for legal action in the shooting death of an unarmed African American teenager by a white, Hispanic neighborhood watch volunteer a month ago.  Police did not arrest the shooter or charge him with a crime.  The U.S. Justice Department is investigating possible hate crime charges in connection with the shooting and a state grand jury plans to meet April 10 to consider all the evidence in the case.

New details have emerged that offer support to George Zimmerman's claims that he shot and killed Trayvon Martin in self defense.

"George Zimmerman suffered a broken nose and had an injury to the back of his head. He was attacked by Trayvon Martin on that evening," said Craig Sonner, the neighborhood watch volunteer's attorney.

A friend, Joe Oliver, says Zimmerman gave him a similar account.

"Trayvon came up behind George and asked him what was going on, if he had a problem? After George responded, 'No, I don't have a problem,' as he reached for his phone, that's when Trayvon cold-cocked [surprise punched] him," Zimmerman said.

Zimmerman initially spotted Martin on the night of February 26 walking through this gated community in Sanford, Florida.  He called police emergency:

"This guy looks like he is up to no good or he's on drugs or something," he said in the call.

Police told Zimmerman not to follow the teenager, but later Zimmerman says Martin confronted him.

Again Zimmerman's friend, Joe Oliver:  

"George had no intention of taking anybody's life. He cried for days after that [the shooting] happened," Oliver said.

Police have not charged Zimmerman with a crime because of a Florida self-defense law that gives people the right to protect themselves with deadly force.

Martin's death has sparked a national outcry. Many protesters wear hooded sweatshirts, known as hoodies, in memory of the 17-year-old boy. He was wearing a hoodie the night he died.

"That could have been my son. It could have been anybody's son, so you know someone has to be Trayvon's voice because his voice was silenced," said Jamie Jones, a protester from Nashville, Tennessee.

"It tears me apart to sit here and listen to the slander they are giving my son," said Martin's father.

As the protests have grown in size and intensity Martin's parents maintain race was a factor in their son's death and say they want George Zimmerman arrested.

"I know that I cannot bring my baby back but I am sure going to fight for changes so that this does not happen to another family," said Martin's mother, Sabryna Fulton.

The shooting case has captured the nation's attention.  And these protesters say they will continue to demonstrate as a symbolic sign of solidarity for Trayvon Martin.

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VOA News: Asia: Dalai Lama Seen as Instigator and Solution in China-Tibet Struggle

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
Dalai Lama Seen as Instigator and Solution in China-Tibet Struggle
Mar 27th 2012, 22:02

One of the key demands Tibetan self-immolation protesters have been calling for as they set themselves on fire is for China to allow the Dalai Lama to return to Tibet.   Some Tibet analysts say Beijing is missing a crucial opportunity by not engaging the Dalai Lama to find a compromise to the situation.  But, from China's perspective, increasingly so, it is Tibet's exiled spiritual leader that is the problem, not the solution.  

It is no secret that China distrusts the Dalai Lama.   He is routinely blamed as being the source of unrest in Tibetan parts of China and is the frequent target of scathing attacks in China's state media and in Internet chat rooms.

Late last week, the state-run Chinese website China Tibet Online carried a commentary that not only accused the religious leader of instigating the self-immolations, but of advocating what it said was "Nazi-style" racial segregation. The official Xinhua news agency also published the commentary.

View an interactive timeline of the Tibetan self-immolations from Radio Free Asia

Tibet specialists in China say that while those who self-immolate may be calling out for the exiled spiritual leader's return, the Dalai Lama's influence is waning in Tibetan parts of the country.  Chinese authorities have branded the acts as terrorism and say those who have participated in the flaming protests are largely individuals who are social outcasts and criminals.

Tanzen Lhundup, with the China Tibetology Research Center in Beijing, said "When talking about a historical solution, we should first note that the Dalai Lama chose to flee to India in 1959, no one sent him to India. It is not the central government that sent him there. He chose to go there himself. And now, over 50 years have passed. Tibet has become a historical issue."

He added, "We note that the people who set themselves alight make the request that the Dalai Lama come back form India to China. The fact is that the central government has never stopped him from coming back. We have all along hoped that he would come back, but he chose not to."

Chinese academics also argue that the Tibet of today, is not the same place the Dalai Lama left over five decades ago. Instead, they say, it is a place in transition.

However, what Tibetan parts of China are transitioning to is unclear.

Some Western Tibet experts believe that time is running out for any type of negotiations between the Dalai Lama and Chinese authorities.  Tibet's exiled spiritual leader is getting older and the last time representatives from the two sides met, was in 2008.

Robert Barnett, a Tibet specialist at Columbia University, said, "At the same time the Tibet issue inside Tibet is shifting very fast from an issue that is about discontent with the Chinese government … to a real desperation, a real sense among many Tibetans that China cannot be trusted at all, that there is no way you can make a deal with China."

The Dalai Lama says that what he is seeking is greater autonomy for the Tibetan people in China and guarantees that their identity, language, religion, and culture be preserved.  But China believes the Dalai Lama's ultimate goal is independence for Tibet.

Thupten Jinpa is the Dalai Lama's English translator. He says that while the Dalai Lama has formally stated that Tibetans are willing to let go of their demand for independence and seek some kind of accommodation within the larger family of the People's Republic of China, Beijing appears to lack the political will to reach any kind of a solution. "From a cynical point of view, one could say that their strategy may be to simply wait out the present Dalai Lama, and their calculation is that once he's gone, then there will be no energy left in the freedom movement, the international community will no longer pay any attention and then gradually the issue will disappear. But I think this is quite a big gamble," he said.

He says Tibetans are seeking something similar to what China has set up in Hong Kong. "Culturally speaking, Hong Kong people are much closer to mainland China, but because of its history and economic importance, China has been able to create a particular model of governance at the local level in Hong Kong.  From the Tibetan perspective, when we look at this, we know that the Chinese can do this, but at the same time, when it comes to Tibet, they seem to be completely paralyzed," he said.

Yet, while China's leaders may appear paralyzed when it comes to Tibet's exiled spiritual leader, they have recently expressed some sympathy for the protestors - albeit while condemning their actions.

And one possible sign that China may be trying to get a different perspective on the situation came in a recent report published in the state-run Global Times newspaper.  According to the report, Chinese authorities recently dispatched more than 20,000 officials to visit some 5,000 plus villages in Tibet.  The purpose of the visits, the report says, was for officials from government bodies and institutes to live and eat with villagers, understand their demands and help them solve their problems promptly.

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VOA News: Middle East: Former Turkish Army Chief Storms Out of Terrorism Trial

VOA News: Middle East
Middle East Voice of America
Former Turkish Army Chief Storms Out of Terrorism Trial
Mar 27th 2012, 22:01

A former Turkish military chief on trial for allegedly plotting to overthrow the government walked out of court on Tuesday, saying the charges against him are frivolous.

Former army chief Ilker Basbug stormed out of the hearing after prosecutors played tapes of phone conversations between two other suspects in the alleged plot against Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's government. Basbug angrily protested against the use of the tapes.

Earlier, he denied involvement in the alleged terrorism plot, known as Ergenekon, and refused to defend himself or recognize the court's authority.

Basbug later returned to the courtroom inside the Silivri prison complex, near Istanbul, where he has been held since January. He refused to answer questions. Reuters news agency says the court later adjourned his trial until Thursday.

Basbug is the most senior official arrested in connection with Ergenekon, a secularist network the government says was planning bombings and other attacks to discredit Turkey's Islamic-based government and trigger a military coup.

The former general went on trial on Monday on charges of playing a leading role in the alleged network. Prosecutors also say Basbug used an Internet campaign to try to destabilize the government.

Turkish authorities have detained more than 300 people, including journalists, academics and politicians as part of a wide-reaching investigation into Ergenekon.

In January, the U.S. urged Turkey to handle any prosecution of Basbug and the other suspects with transparency and to respect due process.

Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.

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VOA News: Economy: OECD: Eurozone Needs Bigger Bailout Fund, Reforms

VOA News: Economy
Economy Voice of America
OECD: Eurozone Needs Bigger Bailout Fund, Reforms
Mar 27th 2012, 22:00

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) demanded more reforms and a stronger financial rescue fund to help the eurozone recover from its debt crisis. The call by the Paris-based group comes just days before a key European finance meeting in Copenhagen.

In a new report out Tuesday, the OECD offered a small dose of good news for Europe, predicting .2 percent growth this year for the 17-nation euro currency zone. Both the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the European Commission predict the eurozone economy will shrink in 2012.

But at a press conference in Brussels, OECD Secretary General Angel Gurria warned the eurozone debt crisis is far from over, and outlined steps he said are vital for the region to recover from its two-year slump.

"Europe needs to step up its efforts to create the conditions for sustainable growth. Progress is under way, but we're still not out of the woods," said Gurria.

While praising progress already made, Gurria called on eurozone nations to balance austerity measures with those boosting growth, competition and employment.

"Let us not forget that 24 million people in Europe are unemployed and that the youth unemployment rate is at record levels of up to 50 percent in some countries," Gurria added.

More immediately, Gurria called on eurozone countries to boost its rescue fund to $1.3 trillion, to ensure market confidence in the eurozone.

"The mother of all firewalls should be in place - strong enough, broad enough, deep enough…to be sure it doesn't even need to be used. So that people know that it's there and will not even attempt to either speculate or see if it's strong enough," Gurria explained.

European Union finance ministers will discuss increasing the bailout fund when they meet in Copenhagen on Friday. Germany has signaled it could support an increase to about $930 billion, but that falls well short of what the OECD is recommending.

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VOA News: Americas: Pope Visits Shrine of Cuban Religious Icon

VOA News: Americas
Americas Voice of America
Pope Visits Shrine of Cuban Religious Icon
Mar 27th 2012, 18:53

Pope Benedict XVI has paid homage to the patron saint of Cuba, telling an audience that he has prayed for the needs of those who suffer and who are deprived of freedom.

The pope visited the shrine holding the Virgin of Charity of El Cobre on Tuesday to mark the 400th anniversary of its discovery by a trio of fishermen. The doll-sized wooden statue is revered in Cuba and within the Roman Catholic Church.  

The pontiff said he also prayed for those who are separated from their loved ones or who are undergoing times of difficulty.

Later Tuesday, Pope Benedict was meeting in Havana with Cuban President Raul Castro and possibly Fidel Castro, the long-time Cuban leader and elder brother of Raul. It is not clear whether he will meet with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, who is in Cuba undergoing another round of radiation treatment for cancer.

He is not expected to meet with Cuban dissidents, including the Ladies in White, a group of wives and mothers of the 75 dissidents who were jailed in a 2003 crackdown on government opponents.  

The Archbishop of Santiago, Reverend Dionisio Garcia Ibanez, says the pope's time is limited when he travels.

"Many people came to give us lots of requests, lots, you can't imagine how many. One said: 'I'm having problems with my home, and I believe the Holy Father can help me.' Others have participated in this call from the Ladies in White. We have channeled these requests," said Ibanez.

Watch related video
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A group that monitors detentions on the island says 70 government opponents were arrested in the four days leading up to the pontiff's visit.

Upon his arrival Monday in Santiago, Pope Benedict was greeted by Raul Castro and a delegation of church leaders, then held an outdoor Mass for a large enthusiastic crowd. He appealed to Cubans to "reinvigorate your faith" and build a new society that is "more worthy of humanity."

He spent the night in a specially-built guest house near the shrine holding the iconic Virgin of Charity.  

Pope Benedict's Cuban visit comes 14 years after his predecessor, John Paul II, made the first papal visit to the communist-run island.  Since that time, the Roman Catholic Church has grown to become the most influential institution next to the government. Cuba was officially an atheist state from 1959 until a constitutional change in 1992 abolished atheism as the state creed and called for separation of church and state. At that time, the Communist Party also lifted its ban on members with religious beliefs.

Cuba is the last stop on the pontiff's five-day Latin American trip that began last week in Mexico. He is scheduled to hold an outdoor Mass Wednesday in Havana's Revolution Plaza.

Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.

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VOA News: Asia: Burma Military Chief Defends Army's Political Role

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
Burma Military Chief Defends Army's Political Role
Mar 27th 2012, 17:46

The commander of Burma's armed forces has defended the army's role in national politics and says he will protect the Southeast Asian nation's pro-military constitution.

General Min Aung Hlaing spoke Tuesday to more than 10,000 troops at an annual parade marking Armed Forces Day.

He said unelected members of the military, who fill 25 percent of seats in the 440-member lower house of parliament, are acting in the national interest and performing a national duty.

"Article 20 of the national constitution clearly states that the army has a fundamental duty to protect the constitution. So I would like to say that protecting the constitution is one of the main responsibilities of the army as we build our country into becoming a modern, prosperous and developed democracy,'' he stated.

The parade, which commemorates the army's 1945 uprising against Japanese military rule in World War Two. was the first since a nominally civilian government took power one year ago, ending more than four decades of direct military rule.

The general's comments come ahead of Sunday's parliamentary by-elections, as pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy party campaign for legislative seats.  

The NLD is seeking to fill 45 vacancies in the legislature, including a post sought by the Aung San Suu Kyi near Rangoon.

The Nobel laureate spent much of the past two decades under house arrest.  She was released in late 2010 as the ruling military regime prepared to cede power.

Some information for this report was provided by AP and AFP.

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VOA News: Africa: Kenya Cabinet Reshuffle Changes Presidential Race

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Kenya Cabinet Reshuffle Changes Presidential Race
Mar 27th 2012, 17:32

Kenya's President Mwai Kibaki and Prime Minister Raila Odinga on Monday reshuffled cabinet ministers they saw as a threat to their own political futures. The biggest target was Justice Minister Mutula Kilonzo one of the top legal experts and outspoken supporter of the International Criminal Court process.

President Mwai Kibaki on Monday moved four ministers aligned with his Party of National Unity (PNU), while his grand coalition partner, Prime Minister Raila Odinga, replaced one minister from his own Orange Democratic Movement (ODM).

Political observers say the reshuffling of the cabinet is a big boost to two politicians - Deputy Prime Minister Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto - accused before the ICC of perpetuating post-election violence in Kenya in 2007 and 2008. The two suspects now have one of their allies, Eugene Wamalwa, appointed as Justice Minister, replacing the outspoken Mutula Kilonzo, who will be in charge of education.

Kenyan political analyst Adam said the reshuffling was initiated from the president's side of the coalition government and it had to do with solidifying support ahead of the upcoming general election in 2013.

Oloo says the most significant change took place in the Justice Ministry, controlled by President Kibaki's PNU party.

"Since they were in control of that ministry, it belongs to Kibaki's side of the coalition, they had to at the minimum to remove Mutula Kilonzo, because he was proving to be a bottleneck for them, and therefore they got in place someone who they clearly believe is loyalist and who is ready to play political ball with them," he said.

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As Justice Minister, Mutula Kilonzo, argued that the constitution forbids any ICC suspects from running for president, a swipe at Kenyatta and Ruto, who have both declared intentions to run.

Wamalwa, on the other hand, has been critical of the ICC process.

In handing over the portfolio to the newly appointed justice minister, Kilonzo joked that he would be safer in the position because he is part of the G7 - a coalition of parties aligned with President Kibaki.

"They will threaten you, intimidate you, they will harass you implement this document [constitution] its your future," he said. "Do not accept the harassment the political meanderings of the Gods of tribalism, be firm. At least you are lucky you belong to G7 which I don't, you will have a smoother ride."

Eugene Wamalwa praised his predecessor. He said he was well aware of the challenges ahead.

"His record as he walks out of this ministry today, we know he walks with his head held high, but I also walk in today well knowing the immense responsibility that this office places on my shoulders," he said. "Where Mutula has left we will pick up and we will move forward but without hesitation, without fear or favor, as a lawyer and as a lawmaker, my fidelity is to the law."

In accepting the position, Wamalwa vowed to fight corruption. He did not mention how he would rule on a constitutional challenge to ICC suspects running for president, but it is clear that the two accused politicians now have a political supporter in the Justice Ministry.

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VOA News: Africa: Senegal's Macky Sall Receives 65% of Presidential Vote

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Senegal's Macky Sall Receives 65% of Presidential Vote
Mar 27th 2012, 18:06

Official results from Senegal's presidential runoff give opposition leader Macky Sall more than 65 percent of the vote.

Macky Sall

  • Age: 50
  • Former protégé of outgoing President Wade
  • Served as prime Minister 2004 - 2007
  • Fell out with president after his son, Karim Wade, was called to parliament to answer questions
  • Formed the Alliance for the Republic Party in 2008
  • Mayor of his hometown of Fatick
  • Backed by all main opposition candidates in 2nd round

Sunday's vote pitted Sall against outgoing President Abdoulaye Wade, who received 34 percent.

The  85-year-old Wade conceded defeat within hours of the polls closing, easing concerns that he was attempting to serve a third term despite the constitution limiting a president to two terms.

Sall was one of 13 opposition candidates in the first round of the election, which Wade won with 35 percent of the vote. The losing candidates turned their support to Sall, who promised to reform the government and lower basic food costs.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP and Reuters.

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