Thursday, April 12, 2012

VOA News: Africa: ECOWAS Lifts Harsh Sanctions Imposed On Mali

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
ECOWAS Lifts Harsh Sanctions Imposed On Mali
Apr 8th 2012, 22:55

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has lifted harsh sanctions imposed on Mali after the declaring it was satisfied with the junta's commitment to restore constitutional rule.

Sonny Ugoh, communications director for ECOWAS, said the regional block is convinced the military rulers will comply with an agreement to immediately step down and hand over power to a transitional government.

"There is movement in the direction of restoring constitutional governance, and the movement is sufficiently strong for the heads of state to determine that sanctions should be lifted," said Ugoh.

"The paramount consideration for us is the insistence of regional leaders that they must restore constitutional government. There is a very strong commitment that convinces us that the junta is going to live by that commitment."

As part of the agreement between the ECOWAS and the junta, former speaker of parliament Dioncounda Traore, who was in temporary exile, will serve as president of a transitional government until elections are held.

Coup-leader Captain Amadou Sanogo has said the military junta is stepping aside in return for amnesty and the lifting of the stiff fiscal and economic sanctions. The deal to end the March 22 coup was reached late Friday.

The interim president will "run the government for a period indicated in their constitution," Ugoh said, "and then subsequently, we can have the electoral process that will eventually lead to the emergence of a president to succeed the former president."

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has called on the junta to refrain from any activities that would undermine the agreement with ECOWAS.

Ugoh said Mr. Ban's concerns are justified but adds that regional leaders maintain confidence in the junta's commitment to relinquish power.

"We want to believe that the military junta can be trusted and on that basis we have lifted the sanctions," said Ugoh. "It would be dangerous for them to renege on their commitment to ECOWAS because I can't possibly see how a member state can live in isolation of its neighbors, particularly, against the background of the political, the economic and the financial sanctions."

Ugoh said ECOWAS will soon make its decision known to the African Union, to enable the continental body to consider lifting its own set of sanctions on Mali.

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VOA News: Africa: Eyewitness Describes Deadly Aftermath of Nigeria Easter Bombing

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Eyewitness Describes Deadly Aftermath of Nigeria Easter Bombing
Apr 9th 2012, 00:45

Shortly after a car bomb exploded on Easter Sunday in Kaduna, Nigeria, Hafsat Mohamed Baba rushed to the scene to assist with the wounded.

Once there, the opposition politician accompanied an injured 11-year-old girl to a nearby hospital, where Baba saw the bodies of several who had already died.

"There are so many casualties. When I visited the hospital, people were laying on the floor, some were in the [operating] theater, some with their bellies open, intestines out, people were bleeding and the nurses and the doctors were running helter-skelter looking for blood."

Officials say the bomb outside a church killed at least 20 people.

Baba, a leader in the Action Congress of Nigeria party, said the blast was "in the heart of Kaduna" - her hometown.

"There are people on bikes, there are people in the taxis, it's a commercial area and there are so many people there - buses coming to drop people and to pick people from the bus stop - it is really a congested area."

She added the scene at 44 Army Reference Hospital, where many of the wounded were being treated, was chaotic.

"There were so many injured people, actually some very serious," she said of the scene. "In fact some were even in the [operating] theater," Baba said. "There were really more than 20… so many people."

As of late Sunday, no group had claimed responsibility for the bombing, though militant anti-government sect Boko Haram is known for staging large attacks against Christians during holidays. Experts say the Islamist group has splintered into many factions of varying extremism, some of which claim ties to regional Al-Qaeda franchises.

"Yes there are speculations, because for something of this nature, people feel that it is Boko Haram, even though the Boko Haram has not come out to claim the responsibility," said Baba. "But people are really more concerned about the causalities. A lot of people have lost their loved ones."

She said the streets of normally lively Kaduna were extremely quiet Sunday night.

"The streets are virtually almost deserted. But you see a few cars. The security has been zipped up really tight," she said. "People are so moody, especially this festive period, people were not expecting to have anything like that. Actually the whole atmosphere is really that of, people are really disturbed."

Baba added that Christians and Muslims in Kaduna usually live together in peace.

"Actually there's harmony between the religions and there's good understanding," she said "People engage themselves, both religions, there's not actually that kind of divide. We work together, we eat together, we dance together, we celebrate together."

Nigeria's government has offered cash rewards for information about Boko Haram. However, despite assurances that their cooperation would remain confidential, residents have said they are scared of reprisal attacks.

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VOA News: Africa: ECOWAS Lifts Sanctions Against Mali

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
ECOWAS Lifts Sanctions Against Mali
Apr 9th 2012, 00:14

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has lifted sanctions against Mali, saying it is convinced the leaders of a military coup are committed to restoring constitutional rule.

ECOWAS communications director Sonny Ugoh says the military's efforts have been "sufficiently strong," but that the international community stands ready to "react appropriately" if the deal breaks down.

"We want to believe that the military junta can be trusted, and on that basis we have lifted the sanctions. And it would be dangerous for them to renege on their commitment to ECOWAS because I can't possibly see how a member state can live in isolation of its neighbors -- that's not possible, particularly against the background of the political, the economic and the financial sanctions," said Ugoh.

Malian President Amadou Toumani Toure submitted his resignation Sunday, weeks after being toppled by the coup. He said he stepped down without pressure and out of love for the country.

"I think the decision taken by ECOWAS and the international community is the best," said Toure. "It's necessary that Mali continues in the provisions of its constitution of February 1992. As a consequence, I think it's normal and I do it without any pressure at all and I do it in good faith and most of all for the love I have for this country."

Under a deal reached Friday, former Malian speaker of parliament Dioncounda Traore will serve as president with a transitional government until elections are held.

ECOWAS pledged to help Mali fight the Tuareg rebels who have seized much of the country's north and proclaimed an independent state there following the military coup.

The coup leaders justified their takeover by denouncing what they said was the former government's ineffectual campaign to suppress the Tuareg rebellion.

The U.S. State Department Sunday evacuated all Peace Corps volunteers and offered all non-essential diplomatic personnel flights out of the country.

U.S. officials say the situation in Mali remains fluid and unpredictable. It also says there is a threat of kidnappings and attacks against Westerners in the north.

Mali's neighbors all criticized both the military coup and the new "Azawad" state declared by the northern rebels, who got help from the radical Islamist group Ansar Dine.

The self-styled National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) controls the cities of Timbuktu, Gao and other areas in the north. It declared its independence Friday and said its military campaign is over. The heavily armed Tuaregs, formerly based in Moammar Gadhafi's Libya, began fighting in northern Mali in January.

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VOA News: USA: Retired Space Shuttle to Hitch a Ride to US Capital

VOA News: USA
USA Voice of America
Retired Space Shuttle to Hitch a Ride to US Capital
Apr 12th 2012, 12:33

NASA's space shuttle Discovery has traveled more than 238 million kilometers in space, and the now retired orbiter has roughly 1,000 kilometers more to go before its final stop.  It will leave the Kennedy Space Center on April 17, bound for a museum.  

One Last Flight


It was a little more than a year ago that the space shuttle Discovery lifted off from the Kennedy Space Center on its final mission.  

The 28-year-old orbiter will take off from the southern state of Florida one last time.  But for this voyage, it will not be blast off a launch pad.  Instead, it will hitch a ride on the back of one of NASA's specially outfitted Boeing 747 jumbo jets.

Valerie Neal is a space history curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum here in Washington.  Her dangling earrings in the shape of space shuttles are only one indication of her excitement about Discovery's final flight.

"We're very excited about that because Discovery will be flown on top of a 747 carrier aircraft, and it will do a flyaround here in the metropolitan [Washington, D.C.] area so that people around Washington will be able to see this very unusual sight," Neal says. "It will land, and then it will go off to a private part of the airport to be offloaded from the carrier aircraft."

Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building, or VAB, at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, an overhead view shows space shuttle Discovery in high bay 4 with the Astrovan alongside. The Astrovan was used to transport astronauts to Launch Complex 39 for space shuttle missions. April 5, 2012 (NASA Photo)
Inside the Vehicle Assembly Building, or VAB, at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, an overhead view shows space shuttle Discovery in high bay 4 with the Astrovan alongside. The Astrovan was used to transport astronauts to Launch Complex 39 for space shuttle missions. April 5, 2012 (NASA Photo)

Discovery's Unveiling

<!--IMAGE-RIGHT--> On April 19, Discovery will be unveiled as part of the collection at the museum's Udvar-Hazy center, just outside the capital.  Some of Discovery's famous former passengers will be in attendance, including astronaut John Glenn - who in 1962 was the first American to orbit the Earth.  He returned to space on Discovery in 1998.    

The Air and Space Museum is one of the most visited museums in the world, with its main location in downtown Washington, near the city's grand monuments and attractions.  The museum's Udvar-Hazy annex alone attracts more than a million visitors each year.

But as the museum gains one famous piece, it will lose another.  The world's first space shuttle, Enterprise, has been part of the Smithsonian's collection since 1985.  Discovery will replace Enterprise, and that shuttle will catch a piggyback ride on the 747 to New York City, where it will go on display at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum.

Smithsonian curator Valerie Neal explains that Enterprise is a test vehicle that never flew in space, so it does not have the same rich history as orbiters such as Discovery.    

"It [i.e., Discovery] will look just like [the shuttle atmospheric test vehicle] Enterprise does, except instead of being white and black and looking brand new, it's more beige and gray," say Neal.  "It looks like it's been to space and back 39 times, and that's how we want it to look."

At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, space shuttle Discovery arrives outside Orbiter Processing Facility-1 (OPF-1) after stopping for a unique
At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, space shuttle Discovery arrives outside Orbiter Processing Facility-1 (OPF-1) after stopping for a unique "nose-to-nose" photo opportunity outside OPF-3 with shuttle Endeavour. (NASA Photo)

Shuttle Retirement

NASA astronaut Dan Burbank, who has flown on Discovery and is now on the International Space Station, says the 30-year-old shuttle fleet has earned its retirement.

"It brought up some spectacular observatories into space and some satellites, and it helped build this nearly 1,000,000 pound [i.e., almost 453,600 kilograms] world class laboratory [i.e., the International Space Station] that we have the great privilege of working and living aboard for six months," Burbank says. "I think having the space shuttles in museums where people can come and see them and learn about them and learn about the wonderful technology, I think it'll be a good thing."

Rounding out the retired shuttle fleet are Endeavour and Atlantis, which will go to California and Florida.  NASA's two other shuttles, Challenger and Columbia, were destroyed in flight, killing all astronauts on board.

The U.S. space agency retired the shuttle fleet last year to focus on developing the next generation of spacecraft that will travel beyond low earth orbit.  

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VOA News: Africa: Sudan Warplanes Bomb South Sudan

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Sudan Warplanes Bomb South Sudan
Apr 12th 2012, 12:27

South Sudan says Sudanese warplanes dropped several bombs early Thursday in their first attack on a major southern town.

There has been no immediate confirmation of casualties.

South Sudan's Deputy Information Minister, Atem Yaak Atem, said five bombs dropped in the town of Bentiu were apparently aimed at a bridge.  

Wednesday, Sudan announced it was pulling out of talks with South Sudan after South Sudan's army claimed control of the oil producing town of Heglig - a disputed border region.

Sudan has accused South Sudan of launching attacks in Heglig with the help of local rebels who have been fighting Khartoum since last June.

South Sudan claims its forces pursued Sudanese troops into Heglig after being attacked on Tuesday.

The African Union is trying to mediate bitter disputes between the two Sudans stemming from the south's independence last year. But the talks in Ethiopia's capital have made little progress.

Key issues include borders, the sharing of oil revenue and the status of nationals in each other's territory.  

Both countries have suggested the possibility of renewed war. Before their separation, north and south Sudan fought a 21-year civil war that ended with the 2005 peace agreement.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP.

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VOA News: Asia: Regional Forces on Standby as N. Korean Launch Window Opens

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
Regional Forces on Standby as N. Korean Launch Window Opens
Apr 12th 2012, 13:13

Military forces in South Korea and Japan are standing by Thursday on the first day of a five-day window for a North Korean rocket launch that Pyongyang says will carry a weather satellite into space.

The likelihood that the launch will come Thursday dimmed as midday arrived with no sign of new activity at the launch pad outside a cloud-covered Pyongyang. North Korean officials had said the launch will come between Thursday and Monday, and between the hours of 2200 and 0300 UTC.

Japanese appeal


In Tokyo, Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda repeated his nation's appeal for Pyongyang to cancel the launch but said Japanese forces are ready to shoot the rocket down if it strays over Japanese territory.

"In case it happens, we are on full alert. Up to the last minute, we urge North Korea to refrain from launching," he said.

S. Korea on alert

South Korea has also put its forces on heightened alert and threatened to shoot down the rocket if it appears likely to crash into South Korean territory. The Philippines, located near the planned splashdown site of the rocket's first stage, has diverted airline flights and ordered fishermen to avoid the area.

Paek Chang Ho, chief of North Korea's launch command center, told reporters Wednesday that fuel was being loaded into the rocket in one of the final steps before launch. The journalists, including a reporter with VOA's Korean service, were able to view the activity by video, which was fed live to the remote command center.

Weather satellite

Paek said a weather satellite has been installed on the rocket, which is set for launch sometime between Thursday and Monday, depending on weather conditions.  The video showed a tarpaulin draped over the top of the rocket, making that claim impossible to confirm.



Paek also stressed that North Korea opened the launch command center to journalists to correct any claims it is testing a long range ballistic missile.  He pledged to share imagery sent back from the North Korean satellite with other countries.

The scheduled launch has angered many of North Korea's neighbors, which see the action as a ploy to test a ballistic missile that could later be fitted with a nuclear warhead.

Launch purpose

Ryu Gum Chol, deputy director of North Korea's space program, told VOA the only purpose of the launch is space exploration.

"It seems to me that your worries are unfounded," Ryu said. " I reckon that the timing is important now, and you will know everything once you attend the April 15 centenary [of the birth of former North Korean leader Kim Il Sung]. The rocket we have developed is only for the purpose of space exploration, so to claim it is for ballistic missile development is illogical."

US doubtful

But U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Tuesday that the launch has raised doubts about North Korea's claims that it wants to improve ties with its neighbors and the United States.

U.S. officials fear that Pyongyang may be planning to follow the launch with what would be its third underground nuclear weapons test. Satellite intelligence photographs made available to VOA and other news organizations this week show evidence of preparations for such a test.

North Korea's launch plan has derailed a recent agreement with the United States, under which Pyongyang agreed to suspend its nuclear weapons and missile programs. The United States was to have delivered 240,000 tons of badly needed food aid to the North.

Clinton said Tuesday that by launching the rocket, Pyongyang was breaking that agreement as well as violating a U.N. Security Council ban on any North Korean ballistic missile testing.

But Ryu said there was no clause in the deal with the United States banning a peaceful satellite launch.

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VOA News: Europe: Britain's Burma-Bound PM Hints at Sanction Relief

VOA News: Europe
Europe Voice of America
Britain's Burma-Bound PM Hints at Sanction Relief
Apr 12th 2012, 11:15

British Prime Minister David Cameron says his country could soon ease sanctions on Burma, as he prepares to make an historic visit to the once-isolated country.

Cameron told the BBC on Thursday that Britain will be quick to "respond in kind" if Burma continues making democratic progress. But he said he wants to witness the changes first-hand before making any decisions.

The prime minister on Friday will become the first major Western leader to travel to Burma since it ended five decades of military rule last year.

Cameron is due to meet with pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, whose political party claimed a landslide victory in parliamentary by-elections this month.

His five-day Southeast Asian tour has also included visits to Indonesia and Malaysia.

The United States announced last week it is easing some sanctions on Burma, including restrictions on travel and investment. Other Western nations are also re-examining their policies following April 1 by-elections in which Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy captured 43 of 45 available seats.

She and her allies will take their seats on April 23, becoming the main opposition party in a parliament dominated by military-backed political parties.

The NLD boycotted the 2010 elections that ended decades of military rule in Burma.  Since taking office a year ago, President Thein Sein has enacted a series of democratic reforms, including greater press freedom and the release of many political prisoners.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP and Reuters.

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VOA News: Asia: Philippines Dispatches 2nd Boat in Naval Standoff with China

VOA News: Asia
Asia Voice of America
Philippines Dispatches 2nd Boat in Naval Standoff with China
Apr 12th 2012, 11:16

The Philippines and China continued looking for a diplomatic solution to a naval standoff on Thursday, even as Manila sent a second vessel to disputed islands in the South China Sea.

Philippines foreign ministry spokesperson Raul Hernandez said a coast guard boat has been sent to the Scarborough Shoal, located about 230 kilometers off the northwestern Philippines.

It will join the Philippine Navy's largest vessel, the U.S.-built Gregorio del Pilar, which since Tuesday has been in a standoff with two Chinese surveillance vessels that blocked the arrest of a group of Chinese fishermen there.

Both sides say they prefer to solve the situation diplomatically, but warn that they will take further steps to protect their sovereign rights to the group of islands, which are known as Panatag in the Philippines, and as Huangyan Island in China.

Philippine Foreign Affairs Secretary Albert del Rosario says his government continues to hold talks with Ma Keqing, the Chinese ambassador in Manila.

China's Communist Party-affiliated Global Times newspaper said Thursday that Beijing will continue to strive for peace and stability, but warned that it will not make "unprincipled concessions to the recklessness of other countries." The editorial also accused the U.S. of worsening the situation by encouraging the Philippines and Vietnam to "take more risks." It did not elaborate.

The Philippines says it first noticed the Chinese fishing boats on Sunday. When Philippine authorities confronted the fishermen on Tuesday, Manila says the two Chinese surveillance ships positioned themselves between the warship and the Chinese fishing boats, "preventing the arrest of the erring fishermen."

China says the fishing boats were simply taking shelter near the island due to inclement weather. It said the two surveillance ships were taking action to safeguard "Chinese national maritime interests and rights."

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VOA News: Africa: Mali's Interim President Sworn Into Office

VOA News: Africa
Africa Voice of America
Mali's Interim President Sworn Into Office
Apr 12th 2012, 11:06

Mali's parliament speaker, Dioncounda Traore, is the country's new interim president after taking the oath of office Thursday.

Traore will have up to 40 days to organize a new election.

He is coming into power as part of a transition agreement between the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and renegade Malian soldiers who ousted former president Amadou Toumani Toure last month.

Since the military coup, Tuareg rebels, with the help of Islamist militants, seized control of a large area of northern Mali and proclaimed an independent state they call "Azawad."

ECOWAS has pledged to help Mali fight the rebels.

An ECOWAS official says it will hold an emergency summit on security in northern Mali Thursday in the Ivory Coast's commercial capital, Abidjan.

ECOWAS external relations director Abdel-Fatau Musah said "We are virtually at the point of resolving the coup d'etat issue, and that's the return to constitutional order in the country."  He added, "all attention now is trying to roll back the gains made by the rebels."

The Tuareg rebels, who call themselves the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA), control much of northern Mali, including the cities of Gao and Timbuktu.

Musah warned the rebels could face harsh military action if they refuse to negotiate to end the rebellion.


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VOA News: Middle East: Uneasy Quiet Descends on Syria

VOA News: Middle East
Middle East Voice of America
Uneasy Quiet Descends on Syria
Apr 12th 2012, 08:52

An uneasy calm is taking hold in Syria, hours after a United Nations-brokered cease-fire went into effect.

The British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights says there have no reports of violence since the 6 a.m. local time deadline. 

The deal set out by U.N.-Arab League peace envoy Kofi Annan aims to end 13 months of violence and bloodshed. Syria's government promised to comply with the truce.  But it warned in a statement Wednesday its armed forces will remain on standby to retaliate against any attacks by armed terrorist groups against civilians or troops.

Despite the calm, many Syrian refugees are skeptical.

One unidentified refugee staying on the Turkish side of the border said nothing from President Bashar al-Assad's government could be trusted.

"We do not trust in the words of Bashar Assad because he is a liar. His government is lying," said the refugee. "All the countries know this."

Refugee Huseyin Kasif at the Yayladagi Refugee Camp in Turkey also dismissed Assad's intentions, accusing him of spewing "gibberish."

"This ceasefire will not stay long. He [Syrian President Assad] has been promising this for a year. I do not think he will withdraw neither tanks nor troops," he said. "He is lying. Whenever he says he will end the massacre, he kills more.''

The deal brokered by Kofi Annan called for Syria's government to withdraw its forces from major urban areas by April 10 and stop combat operations by Thursday.

Assad's government said it began a phased withdrawal Tuesday. But opponents say government shelling continued in many areas and that at least 11 people were killed Wednesday in flashpoint opposition areas, including the central Homs region and Damascus suburbs.

In a statement Wednesday, Syria said the army had successfully fought off "armed terrorist groups" and has "reasserted the state's rule across the country."

The deal also calls for opposition forces to stop fighting.

The Obama administration Wednesday called on Damascus to match its words with deeds.

At a meeting of the Group of Eight leading industrialized nations in Washington, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton expressed alarm at the ongoing violence in Syria, and concern about the problems facing special envoy Kofi Annan in his efforts to bring about a cease-fire and an end to the violence.

White House spokesman Jay Carney cautioned that Assad's regime has reneged on promises to stop the violence in the past.  

U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice said Syria's promise to halt hostilities by Thursday cannot be construed as complying with Annan's six-point peace plan. She said nothing casts more doubt on the credibility of the commitments than the fact that, in her words, "commitments have been made and made, and broken and broken and broken."

The United States and its Western partners have pressed for stronger action against Syria for months but have been hindered by Russian and Chinese opposition to what those two nations call outside interference in Syria.

Russia said Wednesday that since the Syrian government had pledged to halt its offensive on Thursday, it is now the armed opposition's turn to do the same.

Syrian Network for Human Rights chairman Mousab Azzawi said Wednesday that the Syrian government continued efforts to punish dissenters, in spite of its promises to the international community, and that Annan should admit that his peace initiative has failed.

"Everything he has been promised by the regime, the regime just tries to find a loophole in the initiative and tries to empty the initiative," he said.

U.N. officials say more than 9,000 people have been killed in Syria since the uprising began 13 months ago.


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